1. I-FAW-Volkswagen yokunyusa umbane e-China
Ishishini elidibeneyo laseSino-German i-FAW-Volkswagen iya kwandisa iinzame zokwazisa izithuthi zamandla amatsha, njengoko ishishini le-auto litshintshela kuphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye noluzinzileyo.
Iimoto zombane kunye nee-plug-in hybrids ziyaqhubeka nomfutho wazo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, ukuthengisa kwabo e-China kwenyuka ngeepesenti ze-10.9 ngonyaka ukuya kwi-1.37 yezigidi zeeyunithi, kwaye malunga ne-1.8 yezigidi kulindeleke ukuba zithengiswe kulo nyaka, ngokutsho kweChina Association of Automobile Manufacturers.
"Siza kuzama ukwenza umbane kunye nedijithali njengobuchule bethu kwixesha elizayo," utshilo uMongameli we-FAW-Volkswagen uPan Zhanfu. I-joint venture iqalile ukuveliswa kwee-plug-in hybrids kunye neemoto zombane, phantsi kweempawu zombini ze-Audi kunye neVolkswagen, kunye neemodeli ezininzi ziza kujoyina kungekudala.
UPan uthethe la mazwi kwindibaniselwano ibhiyozela iminyaka engama-30 ngoLwesihlanu eChangchun, ikomkhulu lephondo laseJilin eliseMntla-mpuma China.
Yasekwa ngo-1991, i-FAW-Volkswagen ikhule yaba yenye yezona zinto zithengiswa kakhulu ngabavelisi bezithuthi e-China, kunye nezithuthi ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-22 ezinikezelweyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, ibikuphela komenzi weemoto othengise iimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 eTshayina.
"Kumxholo wokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, i-FAW-Volkswagen iya kukhawulezisa ukuveliswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha," watsho.
Umenzi wemoto unciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemveliso yayo ngokunjalo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, ukukhutshwa kweCO2 kukonke bekungaphantsi ngeepesenti ezingama-36 xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2015.
Ukuveliswa kweemoto zombane kwiqonga elitsha le-MEB kwindawo yayo ye-Foshan kwiphondo lase-Guangdong linikwe amandla ombane oluhlaza. “I-FAW-Volkswagen izakuqhubeka nokulandela iqhinga lokuvelisa i-goTOzero,” utshilo uPan.
2. Abavelisi beemoto banyuse imveliso yeeseli zepetroli
I-Hydrogen ibonwa njengomthombo wamandla acocekileyo osemthethweni ohambelana nemihlanganiselwa, umbane ogcweleyo
Abavelisi beemoto e-China nakwamanye amazwe banyusa iinzame zokwakha iimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell, ekucingelwa ukuba zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumalinge okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemveliso yehlabathi.
Kwiimoto zeeseli zamafutha, ezifinyeziweyo njenge-FCVs, i-hydrogen ixuba neoksijini emoyeni ukuvelisa umbane onika amandla i-motor yombane, ethi emva koko iqhube amavili.
Iimveliso ze-FCV's kuphela ngamanzi nobushushu, ngoko ke azikhuphi izinto ezikhutshwayo. Uluhlu lwabo kunye neenkqubo zokunyusa amafutha zifaniswa neenqwelo zepetroli.
Kukho abavelisi abathathu abakhulu be-FCV kwihlabathi jikelele: iToyota, iHonda kunye neHyundai. Kodwa abavelisi beemoto abaninzi bangenela ungquzulwano njengoko amazwe ebeka iinjongo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemveliso.
U-Mu Feng, u-vice-president we-Great Wall Motors, wathi: "Ukuba sinezigidi ezi-1 zeenqwelo ze-hydrogen fuel-cell kwiindlela zethu (endaweni yepetroli), sinokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngeetoni ze-510 yezigidi (metric) ngonyaka."
Kamva kulo nyaka, umenzi wemoto waseTshayina uya kukhupha imodeli yakhe yokuqala enkulu ye-hydrogen fuel-cell SUV, eya kuba noluhlu lweekhilomitha ze-840, kwaye iqalise inqwelo yeelori ze-hydrogen ezinzima ze-100.
Ukukhawulezisa isicwangciso sayo se-FCV, umenzi wemoto osekelwe e-Baoding, kwiphondo lase-Hebei, wadibanisa izandla kunye nomvelisi omkhulu we-hydrogen welizwe uSinopec kwiveki ephelileyo.
Kwakhona iSinopec ivelisa ngaphezu kwe-3.5 yezigidi zeetoni zehydrogen, nto leyo ethabatha i-14 ekhulwini layo yonke into. Iceba ukwakha izikhululo ze-hydrogen ezili-1,000 ngo-2025.
Ummeli weGreat Wall Motors uthe ezi nkampani zimbini ziya kusebenza kunye kumacandelo asusela kulwakhiwo lwesikhululo se-hydrogen ukuya kwimveliso ye-hydrogen kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokuthutha ukunceda ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi ze-hydrogen.
Umenzi wemoto uneenjongo ezinqwenelekayo ebaleni. Iza kutyala iiyuan ezibhiliyoni ezi-3 (iidola ezingama-456.4 ezigidi) kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu kuphando nophuhliso, njengenxalenye yeenzame zayo zokuba yinkampani enkulu kwimarike yezithuthi zehlabathi.
Iceba ukwandisa imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwamacandelo angundoqo kunye neenkqubo e-China, ngelixa ijonge ukuba ibe yinkampani ephezulu-ezintathu kwiisombululo ze-hydrogen ze-powertrain yemoto ngo-2025.
Iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ziyakukhawulezisa ukungena kwabo kwicandelo ngokunjalo.
Umthengisi wemoto waseFransi uFaurecia ubonise isisombululo sesithuthi se-hydrogen-powered kwi-auto show yaseShanghai ngasekupheleni kuka-Epreli.
Iphuhlise inkqubo yokugcina i-hydrogen eneetanki ezisixhenxe, ekulindeleke ukuba ivumele uluhlu lokuqhuba olungaphezulu kwe-700 km.
"I-Faurecia ibekwe kakuhle ukuba ibe ngumdlali ohamba phambili ekuhambeni kwe-hydrogen yaseTshayina," yatsho inkampani.
Umenzi wemoto waseJamani iBMW iya kuqalisa imveliso encinci yemoto yokuqala yabakhweli ngo-2022, eya kusekelwa kwi-X5 SUV yangoku kwaye ixhotyiswe nge-hydrogen fuel cell e-drive system.
"Izithuthi ezihamba kwi-hydrogen eziveliswa kusetyenziswa amandla avuselelekayo zingenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekuhlangabezaneni neenjongo zemozulu," kusho umenzi wemoto kwingxelo.
"Zifaneleke kakhulu kubathengi abasoloko beqhuba imigama emide, bafuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu okanye abanakho ukufikelela rhoqo kwiziseko zokutshaja zombane."
Umenzi wemoto uneminyaka engama-40 yamava ngetekhnoloji ye-hydrogen kunye neminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 kwicandelo letekhnoloji yeeseli ze-hydrogen.
Ezinye izigebenga ezibini zaseYurophu, iDaimler neVolvo, zilungiselela ukufika kwexesha lelori ezinkulu eziqhutywa nge-hydrogen, abakholelwa ukuba liya kufika ekupheleni kweli shumi leminyaka.
UMartin Daum, i-CEO ye-Daimler Truck, uxelele i-Financial Times ukuba iilori zedizili ziya kulawula intengiso kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine ezayo, kodwa loo hydrogen iya kuphuma njengamafutha phakathi kuka-2027 kunye no-2030 ngaphambi kokuba "inyuke".
Uthe iilori ze-hydrogen ziya kuhlala zibiza kakhulu kunezo ziqhutywa yidizili "ubuncinci kule minyaka ili-15 izayo".
Loo mahluko wexabiso uyachaneka, nangona kunjalo, kuba abathengi badla ngokuchitha imali ephindwe kathathu ukuya kwezine ngaphezulu kwipetroli kubomi belori kunemoto ngokwayo.
I-Daimler Truck kunye neQela leVolvo benze intsebenziswano ebizwa ngokuba yi-Cellcentric. Iza kuphuhlisa, ivelise kwaye ithengise iinkqubo zeeseli zamafutha ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiilori ezinomthwalo onzima njengeyona nto iphambili ekugxilwe kuyo, kunye nakwezinye iinkqubo.
Injongo ephambili kukuqala ngovavanyo lwabathengi beelori ezineeseli zamafutha malunga neminyaka emithathu kunye nokuqalisa imveliso yobuninzi ngexesha lesiqingatha sesibini sale minyaka ilishumi, intsebenziswano yatsho ngoMatshi.
I-CEO yeQela lakwaVolvo uMartin Lundstedt uthe kuzakubakho "umnqantsa othe kratya" ngasekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi emva kokuba ukuveliswa kweeseli zepetroli kuqale kwindibaniselwano malunga nowama-2025.
Umenzi welori waseSweden ujonge ukuba isiqingatha sentengiso yakhe yaseYurophu ngo-2030 ibe ziilori eziqhutywa ziibhetri okanye iiseli zamafutha e-hydrogen, ngelixa omabini la maqela efuna ukukhuselwa ngokupheleleyo ngo-2040.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-17-2021